Internal Differences of Tones in Shandong Dialect
نویسندگان
چکیده
The present study employs phonetic means and LZ-Score values to systematically investigate and tonal patterns and the internal differences of tones in Shandong (Hereinafter, SD) dialect. The dialect regions selected in the study is Jinan, Liaocheng, Tai’an and Zibo, all of which belong to Xiqi district. Results demonstrate that all of the four regions deserve four tones, specifically, tonal values are: tone1: 324, tone2: 52, tone3: 44 and tone4: 412 in Jinan dialect; tone1: 24; tone2: 51, tone3:44 and tone4: 23 in Liaocheng dialect; tone1: 24, tone2: 42, tone3: 44 and tone4: 323 in Tai’an dialect; tone1: 323, tone2: 43, tone3: 44, tone4: 41 in Zibo dialect. Based on this result, the study further proposes that tone2 & tone3 keep stable in SD dialect and tone1 & tone4 show great variations. Furthermore, it is different from other dialects, Liaocheng processes tones merging from four tones to three tones.
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DEDICATION I would like to dedicate my thesis and give thanks to my family especially my brother, who have always support and encourage me whenever it is needed. I also want to give thanks to my friends, who have helped me with the data collection in parts of this work. Without the support of my family and friends, this work would not have made possible. Many thanks, to my family and friends. v...
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